, with cold winters, during which the average temperature is close to freezing, and hot summers during the day, but with cool nights.
The city is the capital of Turkey and is located in the north of the Anatolian plateau, at 40 degrees north latitude.
The city center is located 870 meters (2,850 feet) above sea level, while the highest neighborhoods reach 1,200 meters (3,900 ft). The weather station, from which we took the data, is located at 805 meters (2,650 ft), while Esenboğa International Airport is located at 950 meters (3,115 ft).
is not abundant, in fact it amounts to around 400 millimeters (15.5 inches) per year. The rainiest season is spring, the driest is summer, when rare thunderstorms occur.
snowfalls are quite frequent. Furthermore, there may be cold waves of Russian origin, during which the temperature can drop to around -20 °C (-4 °F). In February 1985, the temperature dropped to -25 °C (-13 °F), and to -31 °C (-24 °F) at Esenboğa Airport.
there is a notable temperature difference between night and day. In some periods it can get very hot during the day, with highs of 35 °C (95 °F) or more. In July 2000 the temperature reached 41 °C (106 °F), while in August 2023 it reached 41.5 °C (106.5 °F).
. Here are the average temperatures.
January, the coldest month of the year, is generally a cold month. The average temperature is of
0.5 °C, with a minimum of
-3.7 °C and a maximum of
4.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-12 °C. However, it dropped to
-20 °C in January 2006.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
12.5 °C. However, it reached
17.2 °C in January 1995.
Precipitation amounts to
30 mm, distributed over 6 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 2 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 23% of the time.
The average humidity is 79%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
6.1 kph.
February is generally a cold month. The average temperature is of
2.1 °C, with a minimum of
-3.1 °C and a maximum of
7.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-10.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-17 °C in February 1991.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
15 °C. However, it reached
22 °C in February 2016.
Precipitation amounts to
35 mm, distributed over 7 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 3.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 34% of the time.
The average humidity is 72%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
7.5 kph.
March is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
6.1 °C, with a minimum of
-0.1 °C and a maximum of
12.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-6.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-11 °C in March 2003.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
21.5 °C. However, it reached
26 °C in March 2001.
Precipitation amounts to
35 mm, distributed over 7 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 40% of the time.
The average humidity is 63%.
The average wind speed is of
8.8 kph.
April is generally a mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
10.6 °C, with a minimum of
4 °C and a maximum of
17.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-2.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-7.6 °C in April 1997.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
25.5 °C. However, it reached
29.8 °C in April 1998.
Precipitation amounts to
55 mm, distributed over 9 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 20 minutes.
There are on average 6.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 47% of the time.
The average humidity is 59%.
The average wind speed is of
8.7 kph.
May is generally a very mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
15.7 °C, with a minimum of
8.8 °C and a maximum of
22.7 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
3 °C. However, it dropped to
-0.4 °C in May 1999.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
29.5 °C. However, it reached
34 °C in May 2019.
Precipitation amounts to
45 mm, distributed over 7 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 25 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 7.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 53% of the time.
The average humidity is 56%.
The average wind speed is of
8.4 kph.
June is generally a warm month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
20 °C, with a minimum of
12.8 °C and a maximum of
27.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
7.5 °C. However, it dropped to
3.3 °C in June 1994.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
33.5 °C. However, it reached
37.3 °C in June 1996.
Precipitation amounts to
35 mm, distributed over 5 days.
The day lasts on average 15 hours and 0 minutes. So the days are long. June 21, the summer solstice, is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 9.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 62% of the time.
The average humidity is 52%.
The average wind speed is of
8.8 kph.
July is generally a warm to hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
23.5 °C, with a minimum of
16 °C and a maximum of
31 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
11.5 °C. However, it dropped to
8 °C in July 1993.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
37 °C. However, it reached
41 °C in July 2000.
Precipitation amounts to
20 mm, distributed over 2 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 40 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 10.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 72% of the time.
The average humidity is 43%.
The average wind speed is of
10 kph.
August, the warmest month of the year, is generally a warm to hot month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
23.7 °C, with a minimum of
16.2 °C and a maximum of
31.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
11.5 °C. However, it dropped to
6.5 °C in August 2000.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
36.5 °C. However, it reached
39 °C in August 2002.
Precipitation amounts to
15 mm, distributed over 2 days.
The day lasts on average 13 hours and 40 minutes.
There are on average 10 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 75% of the time.
The average humidity is 42%.
The average wind speed is of
9.3 kph.
September is generally a warm month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
18.8 °C, with a minimum of
10.9 °C and a maximum of
26.6 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
5.5 °C. However, it dropped to
0.3 °C in September 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
33 °C. However, it reached
39 °C in September 2020.
Precipitation amounts to
15 mm, distributed over 3 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 25 minutes.
There are on average 9 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 71% of the time.
The average humidity is 47%.
The average wind speed is of
7.6 kph.
October is generally a mild month. However, there are remarkable differences between night and day. The average temperature is of
13.3 °C, with a minimum of
6.1 °C and a maximum of
20.6 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
0 °C. However, it dropped to
-4 °C in October 2001.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
28 °C. However, it reached
33 °C in October 1999.
Precipitation amounts to
30 mm, distributed over 4 days.
The day lasts on average 11 hours and 5 minutes.
There are on average 6.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 57% of the time.
The average humidity is 60%.
The average wind speed is of
6.1 kph.
November is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
6.4 °C, with a minimum of
0.1 °C and a maximum of
12.8 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-6 °C. However, it dropped to
-10 °C in November 2011.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
20 °C. However, it reached
24 °C in November 2018.
Precipitation amounts to
35 mm, distributed over 6 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 0 minutes.
There are on average 4.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 43% of the time.
The average humidity is 71%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
5 kph.
December is generally a cold month. The average temperature is of
2.2 °C, with a minimum of
-2.1 °C and a maximum of
6.6 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-9 °C. However, it dropped to
-17 °C in December 2002.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
14 °C. However, it reached
19 °C in December 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
45 mm, distributed over 8 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 25 minutes. December 21, the winter solstice, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 2.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 25% of the time.
The average humidity is 80%. Hence, the air is normally humid.
The average wind speed is of
5.8 kph.