Veliky Novgorod (until 1998 simply Novgorod, "New City" in Russian) is a city of 220,000 inhabitants, the capital of the oblast of the same name, located in Western European Russia, at 58 degrees north latitude.
Just south of the city is Lake Ilmen, from which the Volkhov River rises, which passes through the city and then heads north and flows into Lake Ladoga.
is moderate, amounting to about 655 millimeters (25.5 inches) per year. As often happens in cold climates, the rainiest season is summer.
, from November to March, is very cold: the average temperature in January and February is around -6 °C (21 °F). The sky is often cloudy, and light snow often falls.
The ground is usually covered in snow, although there may be periods when the temperature rises above freezing, usually only slightly, and rain, drizzle or rain mixed with snow can occur.
, the temperature drops to -20 °C (-4 °F) or below almost every year, and can sometimes drop below -30 °C (-22 °F), although the last time was in February 2012 with -31.6 °C (-24.9 °F).
The coldest record is -41.5 °C (-42.7 °F), set in January 1940. In addition to that occasion, the temperature also dropped below 40 °C (-40 °F) at the end of December 1978, with -40.6 °C (-41.1 °F).
The coldest month was January 1987, with a daily average of -18.8 °C (-1.8 °F).
On the other hand, in the exceptionally mild winter of 2020, the daily average from December to February was 0.8 °C (33.4 °F), and the extreme minimum for the entire season was -9.3 °C (15.3 °F).
, from June to August, is very mild or pleasantly warm, with an acceptable amount of sunshine, but also with fairly frequent rains and thunderstorms. The average in July is 18.5 °C (65 °F).
in which the temperature exceeds 30 °C (86 °F). The hottest record is 36.4 °C (97.5 °F), set in August 2010. The summer of 2010 was remarkably hot, with the average maximum temperature in July being 29.6 °C (85.3 °F).
. Here are the average temperatures.
January is generally a freezing cold month. The average temperature is of
-5.8 °C, with a minimum of
-8.4 °C and a maximum of
-3.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-24 °C. However, it dropped to
-35.4 °C in January 2003.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
4 °C. However, it reached
10.2 °C in January 2007.
Precipitation amounts to
45.6 mm, distributed over 12 days.
The day lasts on average 7 hours and 10 minutes. So the days are short.
There are on average 1.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 22% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
12 kph.
February, the coldest month of the year, is generally a freezing cold month. The average temperature is of
-6.1 °C, with a minimum of
-9.4 °C and a maximum of
-2.8 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-23.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-34.1 °C in February 1994.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
4 °C. However, it reached
7.5 °C in February 1997.
Precipitation amounts to
34.7 mm, distributed over 10 days.
The day lasts on average 9 hours and 20 minutes.
There are on average 3 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 33% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
12 kph.
March is generally a very cold month. The average temperature is of
-0.9 °C, with a minimum of
-4.8 °C and a maximum of
3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-15.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-25 °C in March 2018.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
11 °C. However, it reached
18.3 °C in March 2007.
Precipitation amounts to
31.4 mm, distributed over 8 days.
The day lasts on average 11 hours and 55 minutes.
There are on average 4.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 38% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
11 kph.
April is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
6.4 °C, with a minimum of
1.5 °C and a maximum of
11.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-6 °C. However, it dropped to
-12.2 °C in April 1998.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
22 °C. However, it reached
26.1 °C in April 2015.
Precipitation amounts to
41.2 mm, distributed over 8 days.
The day lasts on average 14 hours and 30 minutes.
There are on average 6 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 43% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
12 kph.
May is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of
12.3 °C, with a minimum of
6.7 °C and a maximum of
17.9 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-1 °C. However, it dropped to
-3.9 °C in May 1999.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
27 °C. However, it reached
32.6 °C in May 2014.
Precipitation amounts to
59.6 mm, distributed over 9 days.
The day lasts on average 16 hours and 55 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 9.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 57% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
10 kph.
June is generally a very mild month. The average temperature is of
16 °C, with a minimum of
10.8 °C and a maximum of
21.3 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
3.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-0.1 °C in June 2017.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
28.5 °C. However, it reached
34 °C in June 1998.
Precipitation amounts to
75.5 mm, distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 18 hours and 10 minutes. So the days are very long. June 21, the summer solstice, is the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 10 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 56% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
8 kph.
July, the warmest month of the year, is generally a warm month. The average temperature is of
18.7 °C, with a minimum of
13.4 °C and a maximum of
24.1 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
7.5 °C. However, it dropped to
4.8 °C in July 2009.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
30 °C. However, it reached
35.4 °C in July 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
78.1 mm, distributed over 9 days.
The day lasts on average 17 hours and 30 minutes. So the days are very long.
There are on average 9.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 55% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
8 kph.
August is generally a very mild month. The average temperature is of
16.9 °C, with a minimum of
11.7 °C and a maximum of
22.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
4.5 °C. However, it dropped to
0.3 °C in August 1994.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
29 °C. However, it reached
36.4 °C in August 2010.
Precipitation amounts to
74.2 mm, distributed over 10 days.
The day lasts on average 15 hours and 20 minutes. So the days are long.
There are on average 8 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 52% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
8 kph.
September is generally a mild month. The average temperature is of
11.8 °C, with a minimum of
7.2 °C and a maximum of
16.4 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-0.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-5 °C in September 1993.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
24.5 °C. However, it reached
31.2 °C in September 1992.
Precipitation amounts to
53.7 mm, distributed over 9 days.
The day lasts on average 12 hours and 50 minutes.
There are on average 5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 41% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
10 kph.
October is generally a quite cold month. The average temperature is of
5.7 °C, with a minimum of
2.6 °C and a maximum of
8.9 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-6 °C. However, it dropped to
-13.2 °C in October 2002.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
16.5 °C. However, it reached
23.6 °C in October 1999.
Precipitation amounts to
60.3 mm, distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 10 hours and 10 minutes.
There are on average 3 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 30% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
12 kph.
November is generally a very cold month. The average temperature is of
0 °C, with a minimum of
-2.1 °C and a maximum of
2.2 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-12.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-27.5 °C in November 1992.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
9 °C. However, it reached
13.6 °C in November 2015.
Precipitation amounts to
54.2 mm, distributed over 11 days.
The day lasts on average 7 hours and 50 minutes. So the days are short.
There are on average 1.5 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 17% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
12 kph.
December is generally a very cold month. The average temperature is of
-3.7 °C, with a minimum of
-6 °C and a maximum of
-1.4 °C.
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around
-18.5 °C. However, it dropped to
-31 °C in December 2002.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around
5 °C. However, it reached
10.6 °C in December 2015.
Precipitation amounts to
44.3 mm, distributed over 12 days.
The day lasts on average 6 hours and 30 minutes. So the days are short. December 21, the winter solstice, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
There are on average 1 hours of sunshine per day. So, the sun shines 18% of the time.
The average wind speed is of
12 kph.